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Risk Factors for Postoperative Infections Following Appendectomy of Complicated Appendicitis: A Meta-analysis and
Katherine Cironi1, Aaron L Albuck1, Bryant McLafferty1
1Tulane University School of Medicine.
Abstract:
Patients with complicated appendicitis have an increased risk for postoperative infections. Potential risk factors for postoperative infections through a meta-analysis and retrospective chart review are discussed. A meta-analysis consisting of 35 studies analyzing complicated appendicitis treated with an appendectomy noting at least 1 postoperative infection was performed. A retrospective review was then conducted in patients diagnosed with complicated appendicitis after appendectomy. Of 5326 patients in total, 15.4% developed postoperative infections. Laparoscopic surgery and perioperative hyperoxygenation were found to be protective factors for the development of infection. Retrospectively, 53.2% of patients presented with complicated appendicitis. Patients with complicated appendicitis were more likely to be older in age and have an increased length of stay. Patient demographics, operative time, and comorbid status had no effect on postoperative infection or readmission rate. Physicians should strongly consider minimally invasive techniques to treat all cases of complicated appendicitis irrespective of comorbidities, age, sex, or body mass index.
Insights
Complicated appendicitis increases infection risk. Minimally invasive surgery and oxygen therapy can reduce postoperative infections, regardless of patient age or health status.
Area of Science:
- Surgical outcomes
- Infectious disease epidemiology
Background:
- Complicated appendicitis poses a significant risk for postoperative infections.
- Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Minimally invasive surgical approaches are recommended for complicated appendicitis.
- Perioperative strategies like hyperoxygenation may help prevent infections.
- Treatment decisions for complicated appendicitis should prioritize minimally invasive techniques over patient-specific factors like age or comorbidities.
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