Greater Obstetric Barriers for Female Urologists Compared to Peer-Physicians

To determine the prevalence of pregnancy complications, infertility, and maternal support for female urologists in comparison to the general population and other female physicians.

An anonymous, voluntary survey was distributed to female physicians via private physician social media groups from June to August 2021. The survey queried pregnancy demographics and complications, infertility diagnosis and treatment, workplace environment, and prior education on these topics. Results were compared between urologists and the general population and other female physicians with Fisher exact test, chi-square with Yates's correction, or Student's t tests as indicated.

Four thousand six hundred twelve female physicians completed the survey including 241 (5%) urologists. Compared with the general population, urologists were more likely to have a miscarriage or preterm birth, have children later in life, and undergo infertility evaluation or infertility treatment (all P < .0001). 42% of urologists reported experiencing a pregnancy complication and only 9% of those surveyed received education on the risks of delaying pregnancy. Despite being educated more often regarding the risks of delaying pregnancy compared to other physicians, urologists were less likely to have children, had fewer children, and were more likely to be discouraged from starting a family during training and practice (all P < .0001). Additionally, urologists reported shorter parental leave, worked more hours per week while pregnant, and were less likely to receive lactation accommodations compared to other female physicians (all P < .001).

Education for trainees on family planning and fostering a culture of support are deficits identified in overcoming obstetric barriers in urologists.