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Related Experiment Video

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Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting HIV: Progress and challenges.

Nandagopal Paneerselvam1, Amber Khan1, Brian R Lawson1

  • 1The Scintillon Research Institute, 6868 Nancy Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.

Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
|October 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) show promise for HIV treatment and prevention. Strategies like multi-epitope targeting and combining with antiretroviral therapy (ART) aim to overcome challenges such as antibody decay and resistance.

Keywords:
Genetic diversityHIVPassive immunotherapybNAbs

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) represent a promising therapeutic strategy for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
  • Passive transfer of bNAbs in pre-clinical and clinical studies has shown potential in controlling viremia and complementing antiretroviral therapy (ART).
  • Key challenges hindering bNAb efficacy include antibody decay, persistent latent viral reservoirs, and the development of viral resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the application of bNAbs for HIV treatment and prevention.
  • To identify and discuss obstacles impeding the therapeutic use of bNAbs.
  • To propose strategies for enhancing the clinical potential of bNAb-based therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pre-clinical models and clinical trials on bNAb passive transfer.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to bNAb efficacy and limitations.
  • Synthesis of proposed strategies for improving bNAb therapeutic outcomes.

Main Results:

  • bNAbs can control HIV viremia and serve as an alternative or adjunct to ART.
  • Antibody decay, latent reservoirs, and resistance are significant barriers to bNAb effectiveness.
  • Several strategies are proposed to enhance bNAb therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

  • bNAbs hold significant promise for novel HIV treatment and prevention strategies.
  • Overcoming challenges like antibody decay and resistance is crucial for clinical success.
  • Future therapeutic approaches may involve multi-epitope targeting, half-life extension, combination therapy, and sustained secretion.