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Microparticles and cardiotoxicity secondary to doxorubicin-based chemotherapy in breast cancer patients

Rodrigo M C Pestana1, Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho2, Luara I Dos Santos2

  • 1Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.

International Journal of Cardiology
|October 18, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Microparticles (MPs) may indicate doxorubicin (DOXO) cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients. Higher levels of total MPs, cardiomyocyte MPs (CardioMPs), and tissue factor MPs (TFMPs) were observed in patients who developed cardiotoxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Doxorubicin (DOXO) chemotherapy is vital for breast cancer treatment but can cause cardiotoxicity, limiting its use.
  • The role of microparticles (MPs) in DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity is not well understood.
  • MPs are cell-derived vesicles released during various pathophysiological states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific microparticle types and DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients.
  • To compare levels of cardiomyocyte-derived microparticles (CardioMPs), platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs), and tissue factor-expressing microparticles (TFMPs) between patients with and without cardiotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 80 women with breast cancer undergoing DOXO-based chemotherapy was studied over a one-year follow-up period.
  • Blood samples were collected before chemotherapy (T0) and after chemotherapy (T1) to quantify MPs.
  • Patients were categorized into groups with and without cardiotoxicity.

Main Results:

  • Patients who developed cardiotoxicity exhibited significantly higher counts of total MPs at T0 compared to the non-cardiotoxicity group (p=0.034).
  • Elevated levels of CardioMPs were found at T0 (p=0.009) and T1 (p=0.0034) in the cardiotoxicity group.
  • Higher counts of TFMPs were also observed at T0 (p=0.011) in patients who experienced cardiotoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest a potential link between elevated levels of specific microparticles (total MPs, CardioMPs, TFMPs) and the development of DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity.
  • Microparticles may serve as predictive biomarkers for cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients receiving DOXO chemotherapy.
Keywords:
Breast cancerCardiotoxicityDoxorubicinMicroparticles

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