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Updated: Jul 12, 2025

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Genomic variation in neurons.

Sunjidmaa Zolzaya1, Ayano Narumoto1, Yu Katsuyama1

  • 1Division of Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.

Development, Growth & Differentiation
|October 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Human brain neurons are long-lived due to limited regeneration. Genomic variations, including mutations and chromosomal abnormalities, occur in neurons throughout life, impacting neurological health.

Keywords:
de novo mutationgenome instabilitymosaicism in the brainneurodegenerative disordersneurodevelopmental disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The human brain exhibits limited tissue regeneration, making fetal-born neurons exceptionally long-lived.
  • Neurons display diverse morphological and physiological characteristics.
  • Recent research highlights genomic variations within individual neurons, including chromosomal abnormalities and single nucleotide mutations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the origins and implications of genomic variations in neurons.
  • To understand the role of chromosomal instability during rapid neuronal development.
  • To investigate the occurrence of neuronal genome mutations in the mature brain.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of neuronal genomic variations.
  • Investigation of chromosomal instability during brain development.
  • Study of mutation occurrence in mature neurons.

Main Results:

  • Neuronal genomic mosaicism arises from endogenous and environmental factors.
  • Rapid neuronal generation during development may lead to chromosomal instability.
  • Mutations can occur in neuronal genomes in both developing and mature brains.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic variations in neurons are a significant factor in brain function.
  • Understanding neuronal genomic mosaicism is crucial for diagnosing and treating neurological disorders.
  • Further research into neuronal genome stability is warranted.