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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
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The upper urinary system comprises two kidneys and two ureters, which are crucial in filtering blood and forming urine.KidneysLocation and Structure:The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs positioned behind the peritoneum on either side of the spine.Kidneys are between the 12th thoracic (T12) and the 3rd lumbar (L3) vertebrae.The position of the liver causes the right kidney to sit slightly lower than the left.Protective Layers:Each kidney is enveloped in a tough, fibrous membrane called the...
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Nurses bear specific legal responsibilities under several federal statutes, including:
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Standards of Care I01:22

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Federal statutes profoundly impact nursing practice, providing critical guidelines to ensure patient care is equitable, accessible, and of the highest quality. The following laws address distinct aspects of healthcare provision and patient rights:
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Onconephrology: Core Curriculum 2023.

Niloufarsadat Yarandi1, Anushree C Shirali1

  • 1Section of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
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Onconephrology manages kidney disease in cancer patients, addressing issues from treatments and cancer itself. This review covers acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension in cancer care.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Oncology
  • Onconephrology

Background:

  • Onconephrology addresses kidney disease in cancer patients, encompassing acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, proteinuria, and electrolyte disorders.
  • Kidney conditions can stem from cancer treatments (chemotherapy, immunotherapy, CAR T-cells, stem cell transplant) or cancer's direct effects (monoclonal gammopathy, glomerular diseases).
  • Cancer risk is elevated in kidney disease patients, especially kidney transplant recipients, necessitating specialized care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of core concepts in onconephrology.
  • To highlight clinical decision-making in managing kidney disease in cancer patients.
  • To serve as a case-based educational resource for the AJKD Core Curriculum in Nephrology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical knowledge in onconephrology.
  • Case-based approach to illustrate clinical scenarios.
  • Focus on decision-making processes for managing kidney-related complications in cancer.

Main Results:

  • Identification of key clinical syndromes in onconephrology, including AKI, CKD, hypertension, proteinuria, and electrolyte disorders.
  • Elucidation of the multifactorial origins of kidney disease in cancer patients, related to both treatment and malignancy.
  • Emphasis on the bidirectional relationship between kidney disease and cancer risk.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of kidney disease in cancer patients requires understanding diverse clinical syndromes and their causes.
  • Onconephrology integrates nephrology and oncology principles for optimal patient outcomes.
  • A case-based approach facilitates learning and clinical decision-making in this complex field.