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Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
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Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
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Sanger Sequencing01:57

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DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
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The Fossil Record02:56

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The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
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Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

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Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
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Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

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In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
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Predicting the Effectiveness of Population Replacement Strategy Using Mathematical Modeling
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PLOS Biology at 20: Exploring possible futures.

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PLOS Biology launched 20 years ago, transforming life sciences publishing. This issue explores community-driven innovation for future positive change in scientific communication.

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Area of Science:

  • Life Sciences
  • Scientific Publishing
  • Scholarly Communication

Background:

  • PLOS Biology's 20-year anniversary marks a significant milestone.
  • The journal catalyzed a transformative movement in life sciences publishing.
  • It has influenced the landscape of scientific communication and dissemination.

Discussion:

  • Exploring the impact of open access and innovative publishing models.
  • Analyzing the evolution of peer review and scientific discourse.
  • Assessing the role of community engagement in scientific progress.

Key Insights:

  • PLOS Biology's launch spurred significant changes in academic publishing.
  • The journal fostered a more open and accessible approach to scientific information.
  • Community-driven initiatives have reshaped the dissemination of life sciences research.

Outlook:

  • Continued innovation is crucial for addressing future challenges in scientific publishing.
  • The community must adapt to new technologies and evolving research practices.
  • Sustaining positive change requires ongoing collaboration and forward-thinking strategies.