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The spectrum of paediatric uveitis in New Zealand

Priya D Samalia1, Hannah Ng2, Sarah Hull3

  • 1Ophthalmologist, Te Whatu Ora - Health New Zealand Southern; University of Otago, New Zealand.

The New Zealand Medical Journal
|October 19, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric uveitis, often asymptomatic, frequently leads to complications like vision loss. Many children with non-infectious uveitis require immunosuppressive therapy for effective management.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Paediatric uveitis is a significant cause of vision impairment in children.
  • Understanding its aetiology, complications, and treatment is crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the aetiology, complications, treatment, and outcomes of paediatric uveitis.
  • To identify factors influencing treatment requirements and disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of paediatric patients with uveitis.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients presenting to a tertiary referral hospital between January 1997 and March 2020.
  • Data collected on aetiology, complications, treatments, and visual outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 224 eyes from 143 participants were analyzed.
  • 46% of cases were asymptomatic.
  • Non-infectious uveitis (67.8%) was more common than infectious aetiology (32.2%).
  • Complications (ocular hypertension, cataract, glaucoma) affected 56.3% of eyes.
  • Vision loss (≥6/15) occurred in 17.0% of eyes.
  • 59.8% of non-infectious cases required conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs); 32.0% required biologic DMARDs.

Conclusions:

  • Infections are a notable cause of paediatric uveitis.
  • Asymptomatic presentation and complications are common.
  • A substantial proportion of children with non-infectious uveitis necessitate steroid-sparing immunosuppressive therapy.
Abstract

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