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Bio-inspired polydopamine layer as a versatile functionalisation protocol for silicon-based photonic biosensors.

Shrishty Bakshi1, Kezheng Li1, Pin Dong1

  • 1School of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.

Talanta
|October 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A new polydopamine (PDA) surface functionalization protocol offers a simple, robust method for immobilizing biomolecules on silicon photonic biosensors. This technique enhances sensor performance and enables consistent, reliable detection of disease biomarkers.

Keywords:
10 % serumComparison polydopamine and silane –NHS chemistryGuided mode resonanceOne-step bioreceptor immobilisationPolydopamine surface chemistrySilicon photonic biosensors

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Photonic biosensors offer high sensitivity and label-free detection for point-of-care applications.
  • Efficient and reliable immobilization of biomolecules on sensor surfaces remains a critical challenge, leading to variable performance.
  • Existing functionalization protocols often suffer from hydrolysis, compromising sensor stability and accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a simple and robust surface functionalization protocol for silicon photonics using polydopamine (PDA).
  • To demonstrate the versatility and high performance of the PDA protocol for immobilizing various disease biomarkers.
  • To address the limitations of current functionalization methods, particularly resistance to hydrolysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a polydopamine (PDA) coating inspired by mussel adhesive proteins for surface functionalization.
  • Tested the PDA protocol's compatibility with five disease biomarkers: Immunoglobulin (IgG), C-reactive protein (CRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9).
  • Employed guided mode resonance-based sensors to evaluate the dynamic range and sensitivity of the PDA functionalization.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the PDA protocol's robustness against hydrolysis during incubation.
  • Showcased the protocol's compatibility with diverse biomarkers, confirming its versatility.
  • Achieved a wide dynamic range (0.01 ng/mL to 1 μg/mL) for IgG, CRP, and MMP-9 detection.
  • Attained a sensitivity as low as 10 ng/mL for IgG detection in 10% human serum.

Conclusions:

  • The polydopamine (PDA) functionalization protocol is a simple, robust, and versatile method for bio-immobilization on silicon photonics.
  • This protocol overcomes hydrolysis issues, leading to more stable and reliable biosensor performance.
  • Adoption of the PDA protocol can facilitate easier biofunctionalization and promote more consistent results within the biosensor community.