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Related Concept Videos

Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

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Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Confining Ionic Liquids in Developing Quasi-Solid-State Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries.

Haiman Hu1, Jiajia Li1, Xiaoyan Ji1

  • 1Energy Engineering, Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, 97187, Sweden.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|October 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Ionic liquids confined in quasi-solid-state electrolytes enhance lithium metal battery performance. This review analyzes IL confinement strategies, improving ionic conductivity and cycle stability for advanced battery applications.

Keywords:
confinementionic liquidslithium metal batteriesquasi-solid-state electrolytes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) are explored for quasi-solid-state electrolytes (QSSEs) to improve battery safety and performance.
  • Confinement of ILs within polymer networks or porous hosts is a key strategy for developing advanced electrolytes.
  • Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) require stable electrolytes to achieve high energy density and long cycle life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze the progress of IL-confined QSSEs for LMBs.
  • To discuss the influence of various parameters (IL type, substrate, confinement methods) on electrolyte performance.
  • To compare the IL confinement concept in batteries with its application in other research fields.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature survey and analysis of existing research on IL-confined QSSEs.
  • Examination of advanced characterization techniques and simulation methods used in the field.
  • Discussion of specific parameters influencing electrolyte properties and battery performance.

Main Results:

  • IL confinement in QSSEs significantly improves electrolyte performance, including ionic conductivity and electrochemical window.
  • Enhanced cycle performance and stability are observed in lithium metal batteries utilizing IL-confined electrolytes.
  • The IL confinement concept in battery electrolytes is broader and more versatile than in other application areas.

Conclusions:

  • IL confinement is a promising strategy for developing high-performance QSSEs for LMBs.
  • Further research and optimization of confinement parameters are crucial for commercial application.
  • This review provides insights to guide future development of QSSEs for advanced energy storage systems.