Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Author Spotlight: Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model
06:04

Author Spotlight: Establishment and Confirmation of a Postnatal Right Ventricular Volume Overload Mouse Model

Published on: June 9, 2023

1.1K

Maturation of cardioventilatory physiological trajectories in extremely preterm infants

Debra E Weese-Mayer1,2, Juliann M Di Fiore3,4, Douglas E Lake5

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. D-Weese-Mayer@Northwestern.edu.

Pediatric Research
|October 19, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Cardioventilatory events like apnea and periodic breathing peak in extremely preterm infants within the first month. Their trajectories vary by event type, race, sex, and mechanical ventilation use.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal physiology
  • Respiratory control in preterm infants

Background:

  • Persistence of cardioventilatory events in extremely preterm infants is linked to long-term morbidity.
  • Understanding these events is crucial for improving infant outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the physiologic growth curves of apnea, periodic breathing, intermittent hypoxemia, and bradycardia.
  • To analyze these events in extremely preterm infants during the first few months of life.

Main Methods:

  • Included 717 preterm infants (<29 weeks gestation) from the Prematurity-Related Ventilatory Control study.
  • Utilized a novel analytics strategy to process bedside monitor waveforms locally.
  • Compiled summary data at a central Data Coordinating Center.

Main Results:

  • Apnea, periodic breathing, and intermittent hypoxemia peaked around 3-4 weeks of age, decreasing by 8-12 weeks.
  • Event frequency correlated inversely with gestational age and varied by sex and race.
  • Infants not on mechanical ventilation showed similar trends but with less apnea/hypoxemia and more periodic breathing.

Conclusions:

  • Cardioventilatory events in extremely preterm infants peak in the first month but follow diverse trajectories.
  • These trajectories are influenced by event type, race, sex, and mechanical ventilation.
  • Updated maturational trajectories provide objective measures and guide future research.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography09:31

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography

Published on: January 27, 2023

990
Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound 30/45MHZ System07:34

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound 30/45MHZ System

Published on: May 5, 2018

11.7K

Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation01:19

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
1.4K
Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
181
Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
818
Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
1.5K
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
134
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
1.0K