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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Shock Waves01:16

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While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
When the source's speed approaches the speed of sound, constructive interference between successive wavefronts emitted by the source occurs immediately behind it. Initially, scientists believed that this constructive interference would result in such high...
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Technological innovations in shock wave lithotripsy.

L Mosquera Seoane1, J B Ortiz Salvador2, A Budia Alba2

  • 1Servicio de Urología, Complexo Hospitalario Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña,España.

Actas Urologicas Espanolas
|October 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emerging extracorporeal lithotripsy techniques like Burst Wave Lithotripsy (BWL), Histotripsy, and Microbubble Lithotripsy (ML) show promise for improved urolithiasis treatment. These advancements offer potential for more effective stone fragmentation with good safety profiles.

Keywords:
Burst wave lithotripsyHistotripsyMicrobubble lithotripsyMicrobubble litothipsyShock wave lithotripsy

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Medical Technology
  • Acoustic Physics

Background:

  • Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) has been a noninvasive treatment for urolithiasis since 1980.
  • SWL efficacy is limited by stone characteristics and influenced by various factors.
  • Advancements in SWL are crucial for maintaining its role alongside other surgical techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest advancements in extracorporeal lithotripsy.
  • To explore emerging technologies in the noninvasive treatment of kidney stones.

Main Methods:

  • A non-systematic literature review was conducted from 2017 to 2023.
  • 26 articles were analyzed focusing on Burst Wave Lithotripsy (BWL), Histotripsy, and Microbubble Lithotripsy (ML).

Main Results:

  • BWL utilizes sinusoidal bursts of ultrasound waves for finer stone fragmentation compared to conventional SWL, with demonstrated safety in animal and human studies.
  • Histotripsy, based on High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU), fragments tissue via cavitation, but microbubble formation poses challenges.
  • Microbubble Lithotripsy (ML) combines microbubbles and ultrasound for effective stone fragmentation, showing promising in vitro and animal results with potential for optimized treatment and reduced energy.

Conclusions:

  • Technological innovations are enhancing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).
  • New techniques including BWL, Histotripsy, and ML are emerging as promising methods for lithotripsy.
  • These novel techniques show positive results in the research phase for treating urolithiasis.