Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Occlusion of the Great and Small Saphenous Vein Using Copolymeric Glue Based on N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate and Methacryloxy Sulfolane
08:05

Occlusion of the Great and Small Saphenous Vein Using Copolymeric Glue Based on N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate and Methacryloxy Sulfolane

Published on: December 9, 2022

4.1K

Chronic venous insufficiency and venous leg ulcers: Aetiology, on the pathophysiology-based treatment

Olga Krizanova1,2,3, Adela Penesova1, Alica Hokynkova4

  • 1Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center SAS, Bratislava, Slovakia.

International Wound Journal
|October 20, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Chronic venous disease impairs blood return in lower extremities, leading to chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). This review explores venous leg ulcers (VLUs), their causes, and treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Dermatology
  • Phlebology

Background:

  • Chronic venous disease (CVD) involves impaired blood return, primarily affecting lower extremity veins.
  • Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) results from venous dysfunction, characterized by symptoms like edema and skin changes.
  • Venous hypertension and reflux due to valve incompetence cause blood pooling, inflammation, and potentially venous leg ulcers (VLUs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the etiology and risk factors of venous leg ulcers (VLUs).
  • To summarize the pathophysiology of VLU development.
  • To compare potential treatment options for VLUs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on chronic venous disease and venous leg ulcers.
  • Synthesis of information on the causes, progression, and management of VLUs.
  • Comparative analysis of existing and emerging VLU treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • CVD and CVI are significant contributors to VLU development.
  • Pathophysiological cascade includes venous hypertension, reflux, hypoxia, and inflammation.
  • Various treatment modalities exist, with ongoing research for improved efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding VLU etiology and pathophysiology is crucial for effective management.
  • Addressing venous hypertension and reflux is key to VLU prevention and treatment.
  • Further research is needed to optimize VLU treatment outcomes.

Keywords:
chronic venous insufficiencycompression therapytherapyvenous leg ulcerswound coverage

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Utilizing Venoplasty Balloon Model in Rodents to Simulate Surgical Interventions for Deep Veins05:44

Author Spotlight: Utilizing Venoplasty Balloon Model in Rodents to Simulate Surgical Interventions for Deep Veins

Published on: May 24, 2024

666
Procedure for Human Saphenous Veins Ex Vivo Perfusion and External Reinforcement09:50

Procedure for Human Saphenous Veins Ex Vivo Perfusion and External Reinforcement

Published on: October 1, 2014

11.4K

Related Concept Videos

Varicose Veins I: Introduction01:26

Varicose Veins I: Introduction

Varicose veins, or varicosities, are abnormally dilated and twisted superficial veins caused by venous valve incompetence. This condition commonly affects the lower extremities, especially the saphenous veins, due to the higher pressure from prolonged standing and walking. However, varicosities can also occur in other areas, such as the esophagus, vulva, spermatic cords, and anorectal region.Etiology and typesPrimary varicose veins, often idiopathic, are more common in women due to inherent...
9
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
14
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:26

Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
14
Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
11
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
10
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
11