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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Fabrication of Silica Ultra High Quality Factor Microresonators
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Mode mixing and losses in misaligned microcavities.

William J Hughes, T H Doherty, J A Blackmore

    Optics Express
    |October 20, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    Realistic mirror misalignment in Fabry-Pérot cavities significantly impacts optical losses. Gaussian mirror profiles cause severe mode distortion and elevated losses, unlike idealized spherical mirrors.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Fabry-Pérot cavities are fundamental optical resonators.
    • Mirror imperfections, particularly transverse misalignment, are critical for cavity performance.
    • Previous models often simplify mirror surface profiles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate optical losses in Fabry-Pérot cavities with realistic transverse mirror misalignment.
    • To compare the effects of spherical and Gaussian mirror surface profiles.
    • To assess the validity of the clipping model for predicting diffraction loss.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of mode mixing in cavities with spherical mirrors.
    • Modeling of Gaussian mirror profiles generated by laser ablation.

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  • Comparison of predicted diffraction loss with the clipping model.
  • Analysis of round trip loss and mode profile variations for Gaussian mirrors.

    • Main Results:

    • Spherical mirrors exhibit mode mixing, with close agreement to the clipping model for diffraction loss, plus protective mode mixing at degeneracies.
    • Gaussian mirrors show complex variations in loss and mode profile due to spatially varying curvature.
    • Severe mode distortion and significantly increased optical losses are predicted for Gaussian mirrors under various conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Mirror surface profile is a critical factor in Fabry-Pérot cavity design.
    • Gaussian mirror profiles can lead to substantial performance degradation compared to idealized spherical mirrors.
    • Careful consideration of mirror surface topography is essential for optimizing cavity experiments.