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Diffuse-illumination holographic optical coherence tomography.

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    This study enhances holographic optical coherence tomography (OCT) by reducing speckle noise from multiply scattered light. The improved imaging technique better reveals low-reflectivity features, advancing OCT applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Optics
    • Optical Imaging
    • Coherent Phenomena

    Background:

    • Holographic optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers powerful 3D imaging capabilities.
    • A key limitation of holographic OCT is its reduced ability to visualize low-reflectivity structures.
    • Speckle noise, particularly from multiply scattered light, degrades image quality in OCT.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To improve image quality in holographic OCT by reducing speckle noise.
    • To enhance the visualization of low-reflectivity features using a novel holographic OCT approach.
    • To investigate the impact of spatial coherence on holographic reconstruction and image quality.

    Main Methods:

    • Holographic OCT was performed using incoherent averaging of volumes under changing diffuse illumination.
    • Numerical aperture (NA) of illumination was matched to the detection NA.
    • The technique was implemented with partially spatially incoherent light sources to mitigate multiple scattering.

    Main Results:

    • Speckle from multiply scattered light was significantly reduced, leading to substantial image quality improvements.
    • Noise from spatial coherence was suppressed.
    • Holographic reconstruction capabilities were retained over an axial range suitable for standard OCT applications, even with reduced spatial coherence.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed holographic OCT method effectively reduces speckle noise, particularly from multiply scattered light.
    • This technique significantly enhances the imaging of low-reflectivity features, overcoming a major limitation of conventional holographic OCT.
    • The method maintains essential holographic reconstruction capabilities while improving image quality and noise suppression.