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Related Concept Videos

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult01:21

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation I: Adult

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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, is a life-saving emergency procedure performed when a person's heart has stopped beating or they are no longer breathing. The foundation of CPR is Basic Life Support (BLS), which focuses on the early recognition of cardiac arrest, the immediate start of high-quality chest compressions, and the timely use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Assessing Responsiveness and Checking the Carotid PulseWhen approaching an unresponsive person, first ensure...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management01:25

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Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...
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Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

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Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use01:23

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Introduction to AEDAn Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating, leading to a loss of blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. In such emergencies, time is of the essence, and using an AED, combined with Cardiopulmonary...
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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Transthoracic Echocardiography to Assess Post-Resuscitation Left Ventricular Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest in Pigs
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Long-term heart function in cardiac-arrest survivors.

Jean-Herlé Raphalen1, Tal Soumagnac1, Marc Delord2,3

  • 1Intensive Care Unit, Necker University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.

Resuscitation Plus
|October 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Most cardiac arrest survivors had no heart failure symptoms one year post-event. Absence of bystander CPR was linked to worse functional class, and nearly a third experienced major adverse cardiovascular events.

Keywords:
Cardiac arrestCardio-pulmonary resuscitationHeart failurePrognostic factorsVentricular ejection fraction

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Cardiac arrest (CA) survivors often face long-term myocardial dysfunction.
  • Assessing functional recovery and adverse events post-CA is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate long-term myocardial dysfunction outcomes after cardiac arrest of cardiac origin.
  • To identify predictors of functional class and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at one year.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of adult patients surviving CA of cardiac origin (2005-2019).
  • Primary endpoints included 1-year New York Heart Association Functional Class (NYHA-FC) and MACE.
  • Echocardiographic data and follow-up events were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • 80% of patients had NYHA-FC I at 1 year; 18% had NYHA-FC II.
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction improved but remained abnormal in 33% at 6 months.
  • 32% experienced MACE, primarily acute heart failure or ischemic events; pre-CA disease and lack of bystander CPR were risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Most CA survivors exhibit minimal heart failure symptoms at one year.
  • Absence of bystander CPR was a significant predictor of poorer 1-year functional outcomes.
  • Left ventricular dysfunction showed partial recovery within six months for many patients.