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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

331
Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Differentiation of stable kidney function versus progressive dysfunction in dogs.

Larry D Cowgill1, Gilad Segev2, Shelly Vaden3

  • 1University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|October 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative criteria using creatinine inverse and symmetric dimethylarginine inverse slopes can now distinguish stable from progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs. This aids in characterizing CKD progression rates.

Keywords:
biomarkercreatininedisease monitoringinverse slopesymmetric dimethylarginine

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Creatinine and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) are established kidney function biomarkers.
  • Current methods for defining stable versus progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) lack quantitative criteria.
  • Slope monitoring of inverse biomarker values (creatinine-1 or SDMA-1) shows potential but requires defined cutoffs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish quantitative slope cutoffs for creatinine-1 and SDMA-1.
  • To differentiate stable from progressive CKD in dogs using these biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of two prospective observational studies involving healthy dogs and dogs with X-linked hereditary nephropathy (XLHN).
  • Measurement of creatinine and SDMA levels over time to calculate inverse slopes.
  • Identification of the minimum slope from healthy dogs as the cutoff for stable kidney function.

Main Results:

  • The determined slope cutoff for stable versus progressive CKD was -0.0119 week×dL/mg for creatinine-1.
  • The determined slope cutoff for stable versus progressive CKD was -0.0007 week×dL/μg for SDMA-1.

Conclusions:

  • The slope of creatinine-1 and SDMA-1 can effectively distinguish progressive kidney dysfunction from stable kidney function in dogs.
  • These criteria can be applied to characterize CKD in various canine populations.
  • The findings may help establish guidelines for assessing CKD progression rates in dogs.