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Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
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An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography
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Compressive sensing-based tomography for Absolute X-ray UltraViolet (AXUV) diagnostics.

Menghua Yang1, Zhengbo Cheng1, Shouzhi Wang1

  • 1Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

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A new tomography method using compressive sensing improves x-ray ultraviolet diagnostics reconstruction accuracy. It enhances detail in steep gradient regions and reduces artifacts, offering more reliable imaging for fusion devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma physics
  • Diagnostic techniques
  • Image reconstruction

Background:

  • Absolute x-ray ultraviolet diagnostics provide 2D coverage for tomographic reconstruction.
  • Tomographic reconstruction of local emissivity is challenging due to the ill-posed nature of the problem.
  • Traditional Tikhonov regularization can over-smooth steep gradients and introduce artifacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an improved tomography method for x-ray ultraviolet diagnostics.
  • To enhance reconstruction accuracy and quality, especially in regions with steep gradients.
  • To suppress unphysical negative emissivity and reduce image artifacts.

Main Methods:

  • A novel tomography method integrating compressive sensing theory with Tikhonov regularization terms.
  • Utilizing dictionary learning for improved prior information on steep gradients.
  • Applying compressive sensing for its denoising capabilities.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method significantly improves reconstruction accuracy and quality in steep gradient regions compared to standard Tikhonov regularization.
  • Unphysical negative emissivity is suppressed effectively.
  • Reconstruction uncertainty analysis confirms dictionary learning enhances prior information for steep gradients.

Conclusions:

  • The developed compressive sensing-based tomography method offers superior performance for x-ray ultraviolet diagnostics.
  • The method provides more accurate and reliable reconstruction images with fewer artifacts, validated on the Sino-UNIted Spherical Tokamak.
  • This advancement is crucial for detailed analysis of radiation emission regions in fusion plasmas.