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Association between sleep hours and changes in cognitive function according to the morningness-eveningness type: A
Eun Kyoung Ahn1, Kyuhyun Yoon2, Ji-Eun Park1
1KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseokngdaero, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, South Korea.
Journal of Affective Disorders
|October 21, 2023
Summary
Optimal sleep duration for cognitive health varies by individual sleep patterns. Sleep quality significantly impacts cognitive decline risk more than sleep duration alone.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Public Health
Background:
- Cognitive decline is a growing public health concern.
- Understanding factors influencing cognitive health, such as sleep, is crucial.
- Individual differences in sleep patterns (morningness-eveningness) may affect cognitive outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between sleep duration, morningness-eveningness type, and cognitive decline.
- To determine optimal sleep hours for reducing cognitive decline risk across different chronotypes.
- To assess the moderating role of sleep quality in the sleep-cognition relationship.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Korean Community Health Survey (N=224,714 adults).
- Assessed sleep duration and quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
- Classified participants into morningness, intermediate, and eveningness groups based on wake-up time.
- Measured cognitive function via self-reported memory loss experience.
Main Results:
- Sleep duration and morningness-eveningness type significantly influenced cognitive decline risk.
- Without considering sleep quality, 7-9 hours of sleep was associated with the lowest risk.
- When sleep quality was included, optimal sleep duration varied: 5-6 hours for morning types and 7-8 hours for evening types.
Conclusions:
- Optimal sleep duration for cognitive health differs based on morningness-eveningness type.
- Sleep quality plays a more critical role than sleep duration in mitigating cognitive decline.
- Future research should integrate sleep quality and habitual sleep schedules when defining healthy sleep hours.
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