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Comparing neuronal oscillations during visual spatial attention orienting between normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia.

Evan A Hutcheon¹, Vasily A Vakorin², Adonay S Nunes³

¹Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada. ehutcheo@sfu.ca.

Scientific Reports

|October 21, 2023

Summary

Normobaric hypoxia (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH) training for pilots are not neurophysiologically equivalent. Electroencephalography revealed distinct brain activity patterns between NH and HH, impacting cognitive processing.

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A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Aerospace Medicine
Cognitive Psychology

Background:

Normobaric hypoxia (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH) are used for pilot hypoxia training.
NH is often preferred for its cost-effectiveness and safety over HH.
The neurophysiological equivalence of NH and HH, particularly during cognitive tasks, remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate whether normobaric hypoxia (NH) is neurophysiologically equivalent to hypobaric hypoxia (HH).
To examine the impact of NH and HH on neural oscillations during an attention task.
To compare physiological responses under NH and HH conditions.

Main Methods:

Participants performed an attention task under three conditions: normobaric normoxia (NN), NH, and HH within a hypobaric chamber.
Induced and evoked neural oscillations (alpha and beta bands) were measured using electroencephalography (EEG).
Physiological data including oxygen saturation, end-tidal gases, breathing rate, middle cerebral artery velocity, and blood pressure were recorded.

Main Results:

No significant physiological differences were found between NH and HH conditions.
Induced alpha power decreased significantly in both NH and HH compared to NN.
Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) showed significantly increased induced lower-beta and evoked higher-beta power compared to NH and NN.

Conclusions:

Normobaric hypoxia (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH) are not neurophysiologically equivalent.
Electroencephalography can differentiate between NH and HH based on neural activity.
Hypoxia training methods may have distinct neurophysiological impacts on cognitive function.