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Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research
Published on: November 3, 2023
Acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery
Thilo von Groote1, Mahan Sadjadi, Alexander Zarbock
1Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
Insights
Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) poses significant risks. Novel biomarker-guided strategies and precision medicine offer new hope for preventing and managing CS-AKI in high-risk patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Cardiac surgery patients face a high risk of developing cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI).
- CS-AKI is linked to adverse outcomes, including persistent renal dysfunction, increased morbidity, and mortality.
- Understanding the epidemiology and pathophysiology of CS-AKI is crucial for effective management.
Conclusions:
- Precision medicine approaches are essential for preventing AKI in cardiac surgery patients.
- Early detection through novel biomarkers is key.
- Implementing tailored strategies can mitigate the risk of CS-AKI.
Purpose Of Review:
Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are at high risk to develop cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) postoperatively. CS-AKI is associated with an increased risk for persistent renal dysfunction, morbidity and mortality. This review summarizes the epidemiology and pathophysiology of CS-AKI, as well as current treatment and prevention strategies.
Recent Findings:
As AKI is a syndrome with complex pathophysiology, no causative treatment strategies exist. Recent advances in the field of AKI biomarkers offer new perspectives on the issue and the implementation of biomarker-guided preventive strategies may reduce rates of CS-AKI. Finally, nephroprotective treatments and angiotensin II as a novel vasopressor may offer new opportunities for high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Summary:
Based on the described novel approaches for early detection, prevention and management of CS-AKI, a precision-medicine approach should be implemented in order to prevent the development of AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Related Concept Videos
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

