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Hydrogel based soft tissue expanders for orodental reconstruction.

Vignesh Selvaprithiviraj1, Cedryck Vaquette2, Saso Ivanovski1

  • 1The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Centre for Oral Regeneration, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation (COR3), Herston, QLD, Australia.

Acta Biomaterialia
|October 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Soft tissue expanders (STEs) offer a less invasive solution for generating extra tissue needed for dental implant surgery. This review covers current STEs, hydrogel advancements, and future minimally invasive applications.

Keywords:
DentistryHydrogelOsmedSoft tissue expandersTissue expansion

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Area of Science:

  • Orodental reconstructive surgery
  • Regenerative dentistry
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • Tension-free flap closure is crucial for bone augmentation success in orodental surgery.
  • Alveolar bone resorption limits soft tissue availability for reconstruction after tooth loss.
  • Existing soft tissue augmentation methods are complex and technically demanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of soft tissue expanders (STEs) in clinical oral surgery.
  • To review current research, clinical trials, and complications associated with STEs.
  • To discuss design considerations and minimally invasive administration methods for intraoral STEs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of contemporary soft tissue expander technologies, from silicone balloons to hydrogel systems.
  • Analysis of biological and physical mechanisms governing soft tissue expansion.
  • Assessment of design criteria and clinical translation obstacles for new STE generations.

Main Results:

  • Soft tissue expansion using STEs is an effective alternative for generating surplus tissue.
  • Hydrogel-based STEs represent an evolving technology with potential for improved outcomes.
  • Minimally invasive, injectable hydrogel-based expanders show promise for orodental applications.

Conclusions:

  • Soft tissue expansion is vital for reconstructive applications, particularly vertical bone augmentation in regenerative dentistry.
  • Advancements in hydrogel-based STEs offer improved properties and reduced invasiveness.
  • Future research should focus on overcoming clinical translation barriers for novel STE systems.