MR-guided aspiration biopsy: needle design and clinical trials

Nonferrous needles of pure brass, titanium, or copper, and ferrous needles of different alloys of stainless steel were analyzed for the size, area, and distribution of the image artifact created when the needles were placed in a 0.6-T magnet. Results demonstrated that a stainless steel prototype needle (type 316) would be visible on magnetic resonance images and would provide an artifact similar to that seen in computed tomographic-guided biopsies. Further testing of this prototype included assessment of the effect on the artifact when changes were made in annealing properties, gauge, length, needle-tip geometry, pulse sequence, and orientation relative to the magnetic field. To date, three human liver biopsies have been successfully and safely performed using a stainless steel type 316 needle.