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Updated: Jul 12, 2025
Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Published on: October 15, 2019
Review of microbiota gut brain axis and innate immunity in inflammatory and infective diseases
Chongshan Yuan1,2, Yuhong He2, Kunyu Xie2
1Department of Obstetrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Abstract:
The microbiota gut brain (MGB) axis has been shown to play a significant role in the regulation of inflammatory and infective diseases. Exploring the structure and communication mode of MGB axis is crucial for understanding its role in diseases, and studying the signaling pathways and regulatory methods of MGB axis regulation in diseases is also of profound significance for future clinical research. This article reviews the composition, communication mechanism of MGB axis and its role in inflammatory and infective diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), depression, psoriasis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In addition, our investigation delved into the regulatory functions of the inflammasome, IFN-I, NF-κB, and PARK7/DJ-1 innate immune signaling pathway in the context of inflammatory and infective diseases. Ultimately, we discussed the efficacy of various interventions, including fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics, in the management of inflammatory and infective diseases. Understanding the role and mechanism of the MGB axis might make positive effects in the treatment of inflammatory and infective diseases.
Insights
The gut-brain axis influences inflammatory and infectious diseases. Understanding its mechanisms and interventions like fecal microbiota transplantation offers potential therapeutic strategies for various conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Microbiology
Background:
- The microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is integral to regulating inflammatory and infectious diseases.
- Understanding MGB axis structure, communication, and signaling pathways is vital for clinical research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the MGB axis's composition, communication, and role in diseases.
- To explore innate immune signaling pathways (inflammasome, IFN-I, NF-κB, PARK7/DJ-1) in MGB-related diseases.
- To discuss interventions for MGB axis-associated inflammatory and infective conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of MGB axis composition and communication.
- Analysis of MGB axis involvement in neurological and gastrointestinal diseases.
- Examination of innate immune pathways and therapeutic interventions.
Main Results:
- The MGB axis plays a significant role in diseases such as PD, AD, MS, ASD, depression, psoriasis, IBS, and IBD.
- Innate immune pathways like inflammasome, IFN-I, NF-κB, and PARK7/DJ-1 are key regulators.
- Interventions including FMT, probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics show potential.
Conclusions:
- Elucidating the MGB axis mechanisms is crucial for advancing treatments.
- Targeting the MGB axis offers promising therapeutic avenues for inflammatory and infectious diseases.
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