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Bacterial bloodstream infection in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study

Mateusz Bartoszewicz1, Sławomir Lech Czaban2, Klaudia Bartoszewicz3

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Bialystok, Malmeda, Bialystok, Podlaskie, 15-089, Poland.

Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
|October 23, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Critically ill COVID-19 patients have a high risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs). Key risk factors include prolonged mechanical ventilation and ICU stay, with multidrug-resistant pathogens being common.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Patients in intensive care units (ICUs) with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) face a significant risk of developing bloodstream infections (BSIs).
  • Understanding the specific characteristics and risk factors associated with BSIs in this vulnerable population is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the prevalent pathogens causing BSIs in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
  • To determine the factors associated with the occurrence of BSIs in this patient group.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 201 ICU patients with COVID-19.
  • Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors for BSI, alongside an analysis of clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Bloodstream infections (BSIs) developed in 21.4% of patients, with a non-significantly higher mortality rate compared to those without BSIs.
  • Significant risk factors for BSI included duration of mechanical ventilation, ventilator-associated pneumonia, length of ICU stay, high body mass index, and male sex.
  • The primary causative pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Enterococcus faecalis, with 87% of BSIs caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying common pathogens and risk factors for BSIs in COVID-19 patients is essential for timely intervention and prevention strategies.
  • Prolonged mechanical ventilation and ICU length of stay emerged as significant risk factors, highlighting the importance of infection control measures in critical care settings.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19bloodstream infectionsintensive care unit

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