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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

538
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
538
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

383
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
383
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.7K
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

3.3K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

6.3K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Ex vivo Expansion of Tumor-reactive T Cells by Means of Bryostatin 1/Ionomycin and the Common Gamma Chain Cytokines Formulation
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A Bionic Yeast Tumor Vaccine Using the Co-Loading Strategy to Prevent Post-Operative Tumor Recurrence.

Guanglei Ma1, Fang Li1, Xin Wang1

  • 1Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Materials. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P. R. China.

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|October 23, 2023
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Summary

Bionic yeast carriers (BYCs) loaded with tumor antigens and adjuvants show promise as cancer vaccines. This novel approach effectively prevents tumor recurrence and metastasis when combined with surgery.

Keywords:
bionic yeast carriersimmunotherapyin situ growth methodmesoporous silica nanoparticlespostoperative treatmenttumor vaccines

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Immunology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Immunotherapy is crucial for preventing postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis.
  • Current microbial-based immunotherapies have limitations in binding capacity for antigens and adjuvants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop bionic yeast carriers (BYCs) for enhanced cancer vaccine delivery.
  • To investigate the efficacy of BYCs loaded with antigens and adjuvants for tumor treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed BYCs via in situ polymerization of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) within yeast capsules (YCs).
  • Modified BYC pore size and hydrophobicity for co-loading of antigen and R848 adjuvant.
  • Administered coloaded BYCs orally or subcutaneously in tumor models.

Main Results:

  • BYCs effectively mimicked yeast infection pathways and utilized MSN loading capacity.
  • Coloaded BYCs demonstrated significant therapeutic effects in transplantation and metastasis tumor models.
  • Combination therapy with surgery and coloaded BYCs achieved complete cure in 57% of recurrent tumor models.

Conclusions:

  • BYC construction and coloading strategy offer an effective and controllable approach for cancer vaccine development.
  • This strategy provides insights for future cancer immunotherapy advancements.