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A webcam-based machine learning approach for three-dimensional range of motion evaluation.

Xiaoye Michael Wang1, Derek T Smith2, Qin Zhu2

  • 1Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

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|October 23, 2023
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Summary

A new machine learning method using a webcam offers a reliable way to measure joint range of motion (ROM) remotely. This technology can improve physical therapy accessibility for patients with limited in-person healthcare access.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Rehabilitation Technology
  • Machine Learning in Healthcare

Background:

  • Joint range of motion (ROM) is crucial for physical therapy assessment.
  • Traditional goniometer use requires specialized training and limits remote patient access.
  • Current methods present barriers for individuals with restricted in-person healthcare access.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and assess a novel machine learning-based approach for evaluating joint range of motion (ROM) using webcam technology.
  • To provide a remotely accessible solution for ROM measurements.
  • To establish the reliability and validity of this innovative method.

Main Methods:

  • A machine learning model was developed to evaluate joint range of motion (ROM) via webcam.
  • The webcam-derived ROM measurements were compared against a gold-standard marker-based optical motion capture system.
  • Reliability was assessed across various joints, including the neck, spine, and extremities, in 25 healthy adults.

Main Results:

  • The webcam-based system demonstrated high test-retest reliability for most joints, with substantial to almost perfect intraclass correlation coefficients.
  • Inter-rater reliability was substantial to almost perfect for some joints but lower for others, such as shoulder and elbow flexion.
  • Observed discrepancies were potentially due to the system's sensitivity to joint positioning at peak movement.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed webcam-based method shows high test-retest and inter-rater reliability, offering a viable alternative for ROM assessment.
  • This technology can enhance clinical practice and facilitate the tele-implementation of physical therapy and rehabilitation.
  • It addresses accessibility challenges in physical therapy by enabling remote joint range of motion evaluation.