Comprehensive Review on Biomaterials and Their Inherent Behaviors for Hip Repair Applications

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Biomaterials Science
• Materials Engineering

Background:

• Hip replacement is a crucial orthopedic procedure for arthritis and trauma patients.
• Current artificial hip joints have a limited lifespan of approximately 15 years.
• Biomaterials like metals, ceramics, and polymers are used, each with limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To comprehensively review the historical evolution of hip replacement procedures and biomaterials.
• To investigate the mechanical, tribological, and biological characteristics of hip implant materials.
• To discuss recent advances and guide future research in hip arthroplasty biomaterials.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of historical and recent studies on hip replacement biomaterials.
• Analysis of mechanical, tribological, and biological properties of various materials.
• Synthesis of information to identify current research gaps and future directions.

Main Results:

• Metals and ceramics face challenges like stress shielding and wear debris emission.
• Polymers and polymer-based composites show significant potential as alternative materials.
• Existing reviews often lack a detailed comparison of individual material behaviors.

Conclusions:

• Continued research into biomaterials is essential for improving artificial hip joint longevity and performance.
• Polymers offer a promising avenue for developing next-generation hip implants.
• This review provides a foundation for future research into innovative hip arthroplasty materials.