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Time processing in neurological and psychiatric conditions.

Thomas Hinault1, Arnaud D'Argembeau2, Dermot M Bowler3

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This review proposes a unified taxonomy for understanding time processing and its difficulties across neurological and psychiatric conditions. It offers a new framework for transdiagnostic temporal mechanisms in cognitive research.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuropsychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Cognitive changes in neurological and psychiatric conditions are not fully understood.
  • Difficulties in time processing are common but understudied across various pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a unifying taxonomy of time processing.
  • To present a neuropsychological perspective on temporal difficulties.
  • To propose an integrated theoretical framework for timing deficits across conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on time processing.
  • Discussion of four key temporal judgments: duration, simultaneity/synchrony, passage of time, and mental time travel.
  • Integration of findings into a theoretical framework using patient populations.

Main Results:

  • Identified four primary temporal judgments.
  • Presented a framework linking temporal judgments to underlying cognitive processes.
  • Highlighted shared temporal processing mechanisms across diverse neurological and psychiatric conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework offers mechanistic insights into temporal judgments and deficits.
  • Identifying transdiagnostic time-processing mechanisms opens new research avenues.
  • This work advances the understanding of cognition and pathology-related cognitive changes.