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Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
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Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
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An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
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The germline coordinates mitokine signaling.

Koning Shen, Jenni Durieux, Cesar G Mena

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |October 24, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Germline mitochondria coordinate tissue-wide mitochondrial stress responses. They signal between neurons and peripheral tissues, regulating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRMT) to maintain organismal health.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cellular biology
    • Mitochondrial function
    • Inter-tissue signaling

    Background:

    • Mitochondrial stress responses are vital for organismal health.
    • Neurons signal mitochondrial stress via mitokines, activating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRMT) in peripheral tissues.
    • The role of germline in this signaling pathway was previously unknown.

    Conclusions:

    • The germline plays a central role in coordinating inter-tissue mitochondrial stress responses.
    • Germline mitochondria are key regulators of UPRMT signaling, essential for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and organismal health.