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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Profiling of Estrogen-regulated MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer Cells
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MicroRNA Expression Profile in Early-Stage Breast Cancers.

Krishna Patel1,2, Deva Magendhra Rao3, Shirley Sundersingh4

  • 1Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore 560066, India.

Microrna (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)
|October 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study identified specific microRNAs (miRNAs) differentially expressed in breast cancer precursor ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Notably, miR-301a-3p overexpression in DCIS and IDC correlates with poorer survival, suggesting its role in disease progression.

Keywords:
DCIS.Next Generation sequencingbenign tumorbreast cancerceRNAsmall RNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide.
  • Early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes and survival rates.
  • Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is recognized as a non-invasive precursor to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) compared to normal breast tissue.
  • To identify specific miRNAs that are differentially expressed in these breast cancer stages.
  • To explore the potential role of identified miRNAs in breast cancer progression and patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • MicroRNA sequencing was performed on DCIS, IDC (Stage IIA) with paired normal, and normal breast tissue samples.
  • Differential expression analysis was conducted using DESeq.
  • Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were investigated using Cytoscape.

Main Results:

  • Seventy-six differentially expressed miRNAs were identified between DCIS and IDC.
  • Specific miRNAs, including miR-365b-3p and miR-7-1-3p, were found to be overexpressed, while miR-6507-5p, miR-487b-3p, and miR-654-3p were downregulated in DCIS versus normal tissue.
  • Overexpression of miR-301a-3p in DCIS and IDC was validated in an independent cohort and associated with poorer overall survival in The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Cancer (TCGA-BRCA) dataset.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified key differentially expressed miRNAs in early-stage breast cancer.
  • miR-301a-3p overexpression is linked to unfavorable patient survival, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for high-risk DCIS.
  • Further research into miR-301a-3p is warranted to understand its role in the progression from DCIS to IDC.