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Fatimah Al-Zergani1, Andreas Ronit1, Zahra Persson Theilgaard1

  • 1Infektionsmedicinsk Afsnit, Sjællands Universitetshospital, Roskilde.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|October 24, 2023
PubMed
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Scrub typhus, a bacterial infection, was diagnosed in a Danish patient returning from Malaysia. Next-generation sequencing confirmed the pathogen, enabling effective doxycycline treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a significant public health concern, particularly in travelers returning from endemic areas.
  • Diagnostic challenges exist for scrub typhus in non-endemic regions like Denmark, hindering timely confirmation and treatment.
  • The increasing trend of global travel necessitates robust diagnostic tools for imported infectious diseases.

Observation:

  • A 38-year-old male presented with symptoms of high fever, severe malaise, and headache following a trip to Malaysia.
  • Clinical suspicion of scrub typhus prompted empirical treatment with doxycycline.
  • The patient showed a positive clinical response to doxycycline, recovering within a week.

Findings:

  • Microbiome 16S/18S rRNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) successfully identified Orientia tsutsugamushi in ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) blood.

Related Experiment Videos

  • NGS provides a sensitive and specific method for pathogen detection in suspected cases of scrub typhus.
  • This case highlights the successful application of advanced molecular diagnostics in confirming imported infections.

    • Implications:

    • Next-generation sequencing offers a valuable tool for diagnosing travel-associated infections like scrub typhus in regions without established diagnostic capabilities.
    • Early and accurate diagnosis facilitated by NGS can lead to prompt and effective treatment, improving patient outcomes.
    • The integration of NGS into routine diagnostics could enhance surveillance and management of emerging infectious diseases in non-endemic settings.