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Micromanipulation of Circulating Tumor Cells for Downstream Molecular Analysis and Metastatic Potential Assessment
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Targeting circulating tumor cells to prevent metastases.

Karol Gostomczyk1,2, Mohammed Dheyaa Marsool Marsool3, Hamnah Tayyab4

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Chair of Pathomorphology and Clinical Placentology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland. karolgostomczyk.research@gmail.com.

Human Cell
|October 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are key indicators of cancer spread. Targeting these cells and understanding their interactions offers a promising strategy to prevent metastasis and improve patient outcomes.

Keywords:
CTCsCancerDetectionMetastasesTAMsTargeted therapies

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Medicine

Background:

  • Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are shed from primary tumors and contribute to metastasis.
  • CTC presence correlates with cancer progression and poorer prognosis across various cancer types.
  • Understanding CTCs is vital for personalized cancer therapy due to tumor heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of CTCs in cancer metastasis.
  • To investigate the significance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) in CTC generation.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic targets and detection markers for CTCs.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CTCs in bloodstream and body fluids.
  • Investigation of protein markers (EpCAM, vimentin, CD44, TGM2) involved in EMT/MET.
  • Review of detection devices, methods, and protocols for CTCs.
  • Examination of CTC interactions with the tumor microenvironment, including tumor-associated macrophages.

Main Results:

  • CTCs are linked to cancer progression and metastasis.
  • EMT and MET are crucial processes for CTC dissemination.
  • Proteins like EpCAM, vimentin, CD44, and TGM2 are implicated in CTC regulation and are potential therapeutic targets.
  • CTC interactions with tumor microenvironment components, like macrophages, facilitate immune evasion and metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting CTCs and their associated pathways holds significant promise for preventing metastasis.
  • Developing strategies to reduce CTC volume and eliminate them can improve patient outcomes.
  • Further research into targeted therapies against CTCs is essential for advancing cancer treatment.