Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 12, 2025
13:08
Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay
Published on: September 9, 2012
19.0K
Biology of factor XI
Samantha A Moellmer1, Cristina Puy1, Owen J T McCarty1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.
Blood
|October 24, 2023
Summary
Coagulation Factor XI (FXI), originating from gene duplication, has a unique structure critical for blood clotting and other functions. Understanding FXI
Area of Science:
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research
- Molecular Biology of Blood Coagulation
- Evolutionary Genetics of Proteins
Background:
- Coagulation Factor XI (FXI) possesses a unique evolutionary origin via gene duplication of KLKB1, encoding plasma prekallikrein.
- Structurally, FXI is a homodimer with four apple and one catalytic domain, each with distinct binding affinities.
- FXI's role extends beyond coagulation to include barrier function, platelet activation, inflammation, and immune response.
Approach:
- This review critically examines the molecular biology of FXI.
- It details functional consequences at cellular, tissue, and organ levels.
- DNA mutations linked to FXI deficiency within each domain are highlighted.
Key Points:
- FXI acts as a molecular nexus for extrinsic and contact pathways, activating Factor IX to propagate thrombin generation.
- Each domain of FXI binds unique partners, regulating its conversion to a serine protease and substrate selectivity.
- Understanding FXI's structure-function is crucial for comprehending hemophilia C etiology.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive understanding of FXI's domain structure-function is essential.
- This knowledge aids in understanding the etiology of hemophilia C.
- It also guides the identification of FXI regions for targeted inhibition of pathological functions without compromising physiological roles.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis
8.0K
Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which...
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which...
8.0K
01:30Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
723
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
723
01:09Coagulation
6.9K
The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...
6.9K
01:18Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants
1.2K
Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
1.2K
01:16Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis
6.3K
After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
6.3K
01:18Factors Affecting Illness
4.2K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
4.2K