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Related Concept Videos

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation01:25

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

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Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Fluorescence detection methods for microfluidic droplet platforms
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Controlling Fluorescent Readout in Paper-based Analytical Devices.

Anna Luongo1,2, Alexander Ritter von Stockert3, Frank D Scherag1,2

  • 1Laboratory for Chemistry & Physics of Interfaces, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|October 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study enhances paper-based diagnostics by using fluorescence detection and a protein-repellent hydrogel coating. This combination improves optical readout and enables sensitive, low-cost, disposable diagnostic devices.

Keywords:
POCfluorescencepaper based diagnosticsscatteringsurface modificationμPAD

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Paper is a low-cost, eco-friendly material suitable for disposable diagnostics.
  • Current colorimetric assays in rapid tests offer limited qualitative results and high detection thresholds.
  • Paper-based diagnostics can benefit from improved readout methods beyond colorimetry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate fluorescence as a readout tool for paper-based diagnostic devices.
  • To optimize optical readout by analyzing paper characteristics affecting light transmission, scattering, and fluorescence.
  • To develop a protein-repellent coating to prevent analyte adsorption and enhance sensitivity.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated optical readout properties (transmission, scattering, fluorescence) based on paper characteristics (thickness, water content, autofluorescence, composition).
  • Developed and applied a photochemically cross-linked hydrogel coating (N,N-dimethyl acrylamide copolymer) to paper fibers in situ.
  • Tested the combined system of fluorescence detection and hydrogel coating for sensitive paper-based analysis, including a lateral flow device (LFD) application.

Main Results:

  • Paper-based fluorescence analysis demonstrated superior optical readout compared to nitrocellulose used in colorimetric assays.
  • The hydrogel coating effectively reduced analyte molecule loss due to adsorption onto paper fibers.
  • The integrated approach of fluorescence detection and protein-repellent coating enabled sensitive paper-based diagnostic analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescence detection offers enhanced performance for paper-based diagnostics.
  • Protein-repellent hydrogel coatings are crucial for maintaining analyte integrity and improving assay sensitivity.
  • This strategy paves the way for developing more sensitive and reliable disposable diagnostic devices.