Flow and Heat-Transfer Characteristics of Droplet Impingement on Hydrophilic Wires

It is a common phenomenon that droplets collide with wires in industrial production, and their flow and heat-transfer behavior significantly impact the production efficiency. This article presents an experimental and numerical study on the impact of pure water droplets on hydrophilic stainless-steel wires. The dynamic behavior and solid-liquid heat-transfer law of droplet impacting the wire are emphatically analyzed. The impact position of the droplets has a significant effect on their morphology. Under the condition of low Weber number (We), eccentric impacts tend to cause droplets to separate from the wire. Additionally, both We and wire/droplet size ratio have noticeable effects on the droplet morphology. The smaller the We, the larger the wire/droplet size ratio, and the easier it is for droplets to be captured by wires. Conversely, as We increases and the wire-to-droplet size ratio decreases, some droplets become detached from the wire, primarily exhibiting a single-film falling mode. Furthermore, the impact morphology of droplets is influenced by the Ohnesorge number (Oh). The higher the Oh, the more inclined the droplet to develop a double-film falling mode. There is obvious field synergy in the process of droplet impacting on wire. The maximum heat flux is located at the three-phase contact line, while the minimum heat flux is observed at the bubble interface. The impact position of droplets influences the temperature distribution, although its impact on the magnitude of temperature variation is minimal.