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Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
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Treg plasticity and human diseases.

Zheng Zhang1, Jihua Guo1,2, Rong Jia3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.

Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [Et Al.]
|October 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) can change their function, a process called Treg plasticity, which impacts inflammatory diseases and cancers. Understanding and regulating Treg plasticity offers a promising therapeutic strategy for these conditions.

Keywords:
FOXP3Human diseasesPlasticityTherapyTregs

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs), a subset of CD4+ T cells expressing FOXP3, are crucial for immune homeostasis.
  • Treg plasticity involves the reprogramming of Tregs to express T helper (Th) cell cytokines, impairing their suppressive function and promoting inflammation.
  • In contrast to inflammatory settings, Tregs in the tumor microenvironment typically exhibit enhanced suppressive capacity, inhibiting anti-tumor immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of Th-like Tregs and explore the mechanisms driving their phenotypic changes.
  • To summarize the role of Treg plasticity in human diseases, including its impact on disease progression.
  • To discuss the potential therapeutic applications of modulating Treg plasticity in various diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Treg plasticity in inflammatory diseases and cancer.
  • Analysis of mechanisms underlying Treg phenotypic changes.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic strategies targeting Treg plasticity.

Main Results:

  • Treg plasticity is observed in various inflammatory conditions, contributing to disease progression through pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.
  • In the tumor microenvironment, Tregs generally maintain or enhance their suppressive function, hindering anti-tumor immune responses.
  • Modulating Treg plasticity presents a potential therapeutic avenue for managing inflammatory diseases and cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Treg plasticity is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and cancers.
  • Targeting Treg plasticity holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for these conditions.