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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Manipulating Cis-Trans Copolymer Chain Conformation to Simultaneously Improve Permittivity and DC Breakdown Strength

Liuhao Jiang1, Xia Liu1, Shichun Hu1

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Summary

Tailoring polythiourea (PTU) copolymer chain conformation with cis and trans cyclohexyl spacers enhances dielectric properties. This strategy simultaneously improves permittivity and breakdown strength for advanced film capacitors.

Keywords:
copolymersdielectric propertieshopping distanceinterfacespolythiourea

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Dielectric Materials

Background:

  • Polythioureas (PTUs) are promising for advanced film capacitors due to excellent dielectric properties.
  • Tailoring PTU molecular structure is key to optimizing performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of cis-trans copolymer chain conformation on PTU microstructure and dielectric properties.
  • To establish a structure-property relationship for designing high-performance PTU dielectrics.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of cis-trans copolymer polythioureas using cis and trans cyclohexyl spacers.
  • Characterization using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
  • Analysis of dielectric properties, including permittivity and breakdown strength.

Main Results:

  • Trans conformation promotes H-bonding, reducing inter-chain spacing and enabling self-assembly into specific nano-morphologies.
  • Phase separation in cis-trans PTUs was confirmed, with CT64-PTU exhibiting the highest permittivity (5.5 @ 10 Hz).
  • Reduced inter-chain spacing improved breakdown strength by 17% (498 to 580 MV/m).

Conclusions:

  • Cis-trans copolymer chain conformation is a critical factor for achieving high permittivity and breakdown strength in PTUs.
  • Regulation of PTU chain conformation offers a viable strategy for developing next-generation dielectric materials.
  • The study provides insights into designing high-performance dielectrics through molecular chain conformation control.