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Preparation of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Culture Filtrate to Understand TB Pathogenesis

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ESX-3 secretion system in Mycobacterium: An overview.

Ana Laura Granados-Tristán¹, Carlos Eduardo Hernández-Luna², Laura Adiene González-Escalante³

¹Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, 64720, Nuevo León, Mexico; Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, San Nicolás de los Garza, 66455, Nuevo León, Mexico.

|October 25, 2023

Summary

The Early Secretory Antigenic Target 6 secretion (ESX) system, specifically ESX-3, is crucial for mycobacterial growth and virulence. This review details its regulation, components, and role in drug resistance and immune evasion.

Keywords:

ESX3 secretion system Mycobacterium Type VII secretion system

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Published on: September 27, 2018

Area of Science:

Microbiology and Molecular Biology
Bacterial Pathogenesis
Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Background:

Mycobacteria, including pathogenic species like Mycobacterium tuberculosis, inhabit diverse environments.
Their hydrophobic cell envelope necessitates specialized protein export systems for survival and virulence.
The Early Secretory Antigenic Target 6 (ESX) secretion system is a key mechanism for product export.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of the ESX-3 secretion system in mycobacteria.
To explore recent findings on the regulation, expression, and functional roles of ESX-3.
To highlight ESX-3's involvement in mycobacterial metabolism, virulence, and host-pathogen interactions.

Main Methods:

This review synthesizes existing research and data on the ESX-3 secretion system.
Analysis of conserved gene loci and protein components associated with ESX-3.
Examination of regulatory mechanisms, including metallo-protein control and antioxidant pathways.

Main Results:

The ESX-3 system is highly conserved and essential for mycobacterial growth and metabolism.
It plays a critical role in virulence by facilitating phagosome escape and inhibiting host immune responses.
Components of ESX-3 are implicated in drug resistance, cell wall integrity, and are influenced by environmental factors.

Conclusions:

The ESX-3 secretion system is a vital and multifaceted component of mycobacterial biology.
Its regulation and function are intricately linked to nutrient availability (iron, zinc) and host immune evasion.
Further research into ESX-3 offers potential targets for therapeutic intervention against mycobacterial infections.