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Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment

Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment

Published on: February 23, 2024

The relationship between changes in occlusal support and masticatory performance using 6-year longitudinal data from

Kotaro Higashi¹, Kodai Hatta¹, Tomoaki Mameno¹

¹Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.

Journal of Dentistry

|October 25, 2023

Summary

Maintaining posterior occlusal support is crucial for older adults to preserve chewing ability. The study found that a decline in occlusal support significantly worsens masticatory performance, especially with aging.

Keywords:

Longitudinal study Masticatory performance Occlusal support Older adults

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Dental Science
Biomedical Research

Background:

Reduced occlusal support is a suspected cause of diminished masticatory performance in older adults.
Previous research primarily used cross-sectional designs, limiting understanding of causal relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the longitudinal association between changes in occlusal support and masticatory performance in community-dwelling older adults over a 6-year period.

Main Methods:

A 6-year longitudinal study of 488 older adults (aged 72-74 at baseline) from the SONIC study.
Participants were categorized by posterior occlusal support: Complete, Reduced, or Collapsed occlusion.
Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the relationship between occlusal support changes and masticatory performance.

Main Results:

Occlusal support change, aging, sex, occlusal force, and missing teeth significantly impacted masticatory performance.
A significant interaction between occlusal support change and aging was observed, exacerbating performance decline.
The most pronounced decline occurred in individuals transitioning from Complete or Reduced occlusion to Collapsed occlusion.

Conclusions:

Deterioration of occlusal support is strongly linked to reduced masticatory performance in older adults.
Preventing the collapse of posterior occlusal support is essential for maintaining chewing function in the elderly.
Maintaining occlusal support may enhance dietary diversity, nutritional status, and quality of life.