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Differences in lipid and blood pressure measurements between individuals with type 1 diabetes and the general

Rita Delphine Maiko Varkevisser1, Dick Mul2, Henk-Jan Aanstoot2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands r.d.m.varkevisser@umcg.nl.

BMJ Open
|October 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have different lipid and blood pressure (BP) levels compared to the general population, with unfavorable BP in the T1D group. Sex differences may also influence management strategies for cholesterol and BP in T1D.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D).
  • Effective management of lipids and blood pressure (BP) is crucial for CVD prevention in T1D.
  • Age-specific differences in lipid and BP profiles between T1D patients and the general population are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-specific differences in lipid profiles and BP between adults with T1D and the general population.
  • To compare cholesterol levels (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol) and BP (SBP, DBP) across different age groups and medication use.
  • To identify potential sex-based disparities in lipid and BP management in T1D.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 2178 adults with T1D and 146,822 individuals from the general population.
  • Data collected from six diabetes outpatient clinics and the Lifelines cohort in the Northern Netherlands.
  • Analysis stratified by age group, glycated haemoglobin category, medication use, and sex.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with T1D exhibited lower total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol but higher SBP and DBP compared to the general population.
  • These differences persisted across age groups and medication use categories.
  • Women with T1D showed significantly higher SBP (up to 8 mm Hg) than the general population, a difference not observed in men. Men with T1D had lower LDL-cholesterol in older age groups compared to women.

Conclusions:

  • Lipid and BP measurements in individuals with T1D are not directly comparable to the general population, with notably unfavorable BP in the T1D cohort.
  • Significant sex differences exist in lipid and BP management and outcomes among individuals with T1D.
  • These findings highlight the need for tailored CVD prevention strategies in T1D, considering age and sex.
Abstract

Keywords:
Blood PressureDIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGYEPIDEMIOLOGYLipid disordersRisk management

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