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Dipolar quantum solids emerging in a Hubbard quantum simulator
Lin Su1, Alexander Douglas2, Michal Szurek2
1Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. lin_su@g.harvard.edu.
Nature
|October 25, 2023
Summary
Researchers used ultracold magnetic erbium atoms to create novel quantum phases in strongly correlated lattice systems. They observed quantum phase transitions into dipolar quantum solids by tuning long-range interactions, enabling new quantum simulations.
Area of Science:
- Quantum simulation
- Condensed matter physics
- Ultracold atomic gases
Background:
- Long-range and anisotropic interactions in quantum many-body systems drive complex spatial structures and quantum frustration.
- Realizing such interactions in quantum simulations of lattice systems has been a significant challenge.
- Current research explores various platforms like polar molecules, Rydberg atoms, and optical cavities to simulate these systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To realize novel quantum phases in a strongly correlated lattice system with long-range dipolar interactions.
- To explore quantum phase transitions driven by tunable dipolar interactions.
- To investigate the emergence of stripe-ordered states and metastable phases.
Main Methods:
- Utilized ultracold magnetic erbium atoms in an optical lattice.
- Tuned the dipolar interaction to be the dominant energy scale.
- Employed quantum gas microscopy with accordion lattices for direct detection.
- Controlled interaction anisotropy by orienting atomic dipoles.
Main Results:
- Observed quantum phase transitions from a superfluid to dipolar quantum solids.
- Realized various stripe-ordered states by controlling interaction anisotropy.
- Detected the emergence of metastable stripe-ordered states through non-adiabatic transitions.
- Demonstrated the creation of novel quantum phases in a tunable, long-range interacting system.
Conclusions:
- Novel strongly correlated quantum phases can be realized using long-range dipolar interactions in optical lattices.
- This approach opens new avenues for quantum simulations of models with long-range and anisotropic interactions.
- The ability to control interactions and anisotropy provides a powerful tool for exploring complex quantum phenomena.
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