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Related Concept Videos

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Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
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The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
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Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
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Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

A Multicenter MRI Protocol for the Evaluation and Quantification of Deep Vein Thrombosis
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How we manage a high D-dimer.

Massimo Franchini1, Daniele Focosi2, Mario Piergiulio Pezzo1

  • 1Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova, Italy.

Haematologica
|October 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated D-dimer levels, a marker of blood clot breakdown, can occur in many conditions beyond venous thromboembolism (VTE). This review guides hematologists in managing patients with high D-dimer without VTE symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Coagulation Science
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • D-dimer is a key biomarker for coagulation activation and fibrinolysis.
  • It is routinely used in diagnosing and managing venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  • Elevated D-dimer levels can also result from non-thrombotic conditions like aging, pregnancy, and various diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Hematologists frequently encounter patients with elevated D-dimer without apparent thrombosis.
  • A systematic approach is necessary to differentiate VTE from other causes of elevated D-dimer.
  • This review offers a framework for managing such cases effectively.