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Asymmetry in Class II subdivision malocclusion: Assessment based on 3D surface models
Regina C Sencak1, Erika Benavides2, Lucia Cevidanes1
1Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research
|October 26, 2023
Summary
Class II subdivision malocclusions involve both skeletal and dental asymmetries. Findings indicate a shorter mandible and molar position discrepancies contribute to this condition.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Dental Anatomy
- Craniofacial Development
Background:
- The etiology of Class II subdivision malocclusions remains debated, with no consensus on whether it is dental, skeletal, or a combination.
- Understanding the underlying asymmetries is crucial for effective treatment planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and quantify skeletal and dental asymmetries in patients with Class II subdivision malocclusions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from 33 patients.
- Constructed 3D volumetric label maps and performed landmark identification.
- Registered and mirrored scans to quantify 3D differences in craniofacial structures.
Main Results:
- Identified significant skeletal asymmetries in the anterior cranial base, maxilla, and mandible, including mandibular length and yaw.
- Detected dental asymmetries related to maxillary and mandibular first molar positioning.
- Found moderate correlations between the antero-posterior molar relationship and skeletal asymmetries.
Conclusions:
- Class II subdivisions arise from a combination of significant skeletal and dental factors.
- Skeletal factors include mandibular shortening and posterior/superior fossa displacement, leading to mandibular yaw.
- Dental factors involve antero-posterior asymmetry in maxillary and mandibular first molar positions.
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