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Related Concept Videos

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Regeneration is the process of restoring injured or lost tissues, organs, or body parts. While simpler organisms generally show greater ability to regenerate their whole body, few complex animals show similarly exceptional regeneration. For example, planarian flatworms have a unique regenerative potential making them a popular study organism among biologists to understand the mechanisms of whole body regeneration. Other organisms, such as hydra, also show extreme regeneration potential;...
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Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...
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Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
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Overview of Regeneration and Repair01:19

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Regeneration and repair processes are critical in healing damages caused by injury, disease, and aging. In regeneration, the damaged tissue is entirely replaced with new growth that restores the original architecture and function. In contrast, tissue repair usually results in a fixed tissue architecture involving scar formation. Scars generally do not reestablish tissue function and may also exhibit structural abnormalities at the injury site.
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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
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Metabolic switches during development and regeneration.

Ahmed I Mahmoud1

  • 1Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA.

Development (Cambridge, England)
|October 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Cells use metabolic switches to adapt and regenerate during development and after injury. Understanding these switches is key to advancing tissue repair strategies.

Keywords:
Embryonic developmentEpigeneticsMetabolic switchPostnatal developmentRegenerationReprogrammingStem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Metabolic Regulation
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Metabolic switches are fundamental to cellular adaptation during development and regeneration.
  • Cells adjust metabolism to meet biosynthetic demands for growth and repair.
  • These switches are evolutionarily conserved across species.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding metabolic switches is crucial for advancing tissue development and regeneration.
  • Targeting these mechanisms offers potential for novel regenerative therapies.
  • Metabolic reprogramming is central to successful tissue repair and homeostasis.