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Updated: Jul 12, 2025
In Vivo Imaging of Cerebrospinal Fluid Transport through the Intact Mouse Skull using Fluorescence Macroscopy
Published on: July 29, 2019
Protocol to study molecule exchange between venous blood and CSF in live mice using transcranial bioluminescence
Tina Esmail1, Maiken Nedergaard2, Felix R M Beinlich1
1Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Abstract:
In bioluminescence imaging (BLI), the biochemical reaction between a substrate and enzyme triggers light emission upon convergence. Unlike fluorescence imaging, BLI does not require excitation. In this protocol, we utilize the high signal-to-background ratio of the reaction between luciferase and its substrate to study the exchange of molecules between blood and cerebrospinal fluid. We outline steps for skull window thinning, cisterna magna infusion, intravascular retro-orbital injection, and imaging. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Møllgård et al. (2023).1.
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