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Concurrent changes in physical activity and physical functioning during retirement transition-a multi-trajectory

Roosa Lintuaho1,2, Mikhail Saltychev2, Jaana Pentti3,4,5

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Retirement transition impacts physical activity and functioning. Low physical activity is linked to poorer physical functioning in retirees, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Sociology of Retirement

Background:

  • Inconsistent findings exist regarding changes in physical activity and functioning during retirement.
  • Previous research has not concurrently examined physical activity and physical functioning during the retirement transition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate concurrent changes in physical activity and physical functioning during retirement transition among public sector employees.
  • To identify factors associated with different multi-trajectory paths of physical activity and functioning post-retirement.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized group-based multi-trajectory analysis on data from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study (n=3,550).
  • Employed multinomial regression to analyze associations between covariates (occupation, sex, BMI, alcohol, smoking) and identified trajectories.
  • Collected annual survey data on physical activity and physical functioning (SF-36) pre- and post-retirement.

Main Results:

  • Identified four distinct trajectories of concurrent changes in physical activity and functioning.
  • One trajectory showed decreasing functioning with low activity; another showed increasing high activity and stable high functioning.
  • Lower physical activity and declining functioning were more prevalent in single, female, obese, and at-risk alcohol-consuming participants.

Conclusions:

  • Low physical activity during retirement transition is associated with diminished physical functioning.
  • Findings suggest the importance of interventions aimed at maintaining physical functioning in retirees.