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The cavity perturbation method for evaluating hematocrit via dielectric properties

Abdulla A Kamel¹, Raad A Alawajji¹, Ganesh K Kannarpady²

¹Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, 61004, Iraq.

Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express

|October 26, 2023

Summary

This study shows that the dielectric constant of blood, a key physical parameter, decreases linearly with increasing hematocrit (HCT). This microwave-based cavity method offers a precise, low-cost way to measure HCT.

Area of Science:

Biophysics
Medical Physics

Background:

Accurate hematocrit (HCT) measurement is crucial for diagnosing various medical conditions.
Traditional HCT measurement methods can be time-consuming and costly.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between human blood's physical parameters (complex permittivity, conductivity) and hematocrit (HCT) at microwave frequencies.
To assess the feasibility of using the cavity perturbation method for precise HCT determination.

Main Methods:

Utilized a rectangular cavity operating in TE101 mode at 4.212 GHz to measure blood permittivity across varying HCT levels and temperatures.
Employed the cavity perturbation method to analyze dielectric properties.

Main Results:

Dielectric constant, loss factor, and conductivity are influenced by HCT.
Dielectric constant exhibits a clear linear regression with decreasing HCT (R²=0.93).
Observed a decrease in dielectric constant with increasing temperature from 27°C to 50°C.

Conclusions:

The cavity perturbation technique, based on dielectric properties, accurately estimates HCT.
This method offers high precision, simplicity, and low cost compared to traditional HCT measurement techniques.
The technique is suitable for measuring HCT up to high values.

Keywords:

cavity evaluating hematocrits method perturbation

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