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Diet-induced hyperlipidemia and auditory dysfunction.

M A Sikora, T Morizono, W D Ward

    Acta Oto-Laryngologica
    |November 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    High-cholesterol diets can cause high-frequency hearing loss and increase susceptibility to noise-induced hearing damage. Hyperlipidemia in chinchillas led to elevated hearing thresholds and greater hair cell loss when exposed to loud noise.

    Area of Science:

    • Ototoxicology
    • Cardiovascular Pathology
    • Auditory Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Hyperlipidemia, often linked to high-cholesterol diets, may impact auditory function.
    • Noise exposure is a known risk factor for hearing impairment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of hyperlipidemia on hearing thresholds.
    • To determine if hyperlipidemia exacerbates noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL).

    Main Methods:

    • Chinchillas were fed either a normal or high-cholesterol diet to induce hyperlipidemia.
    • Animals were exposed to specific octave bandpass noise levels or kept in quiet conditions.
    • Auditory function was assessed using tone-burst elicited compound action potentials (CAP).
    • Cochlear hair cell counts were analyzed in noise-exposed animals.

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    Main Results:

    • Hyperlipidemic animals without noise exposure showed elevated thresholds at 8 kHz and higher.
    • Noise exposure at 105 dB resulted in elevated thresholds at 16 kHz in hyperlipidemic animals.
    • Exposure to 114 dB noise caused elevated thresholds across 2-16 kHz in hyperlipidemic animals.
    • Hyperlipidemic animals exposed to 114 dB noise exhibited significant hair cell loss compared to normal animals.

    Conclusions:

    • High-cholesterol diets can induce high-frequency hearing loss, likely via vascular pathology associated with hyperlipidemia.
    • Hyperlipidemia increases susceptibility to noise-induced hearing damage, particularly at higher noise intensities.
    • Dietary interventions may be crucial for preventing or mitigating hearing loss in susceptible individuals.