Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Modeling and Similitude

Modeling and Similitude

Scaled modeling is a fundamental technique in engineering, enabling the study of large and complex systems by creating smaller, manageable replicas that recreate critical characteristics of the original. In hydrology and civil infrastructure, for example, scaled models of dams help analyze water flow, turbulence, and pressure. This method allows for accurate predictions of real-world behavior within a controlled environment, significantly reducing the cost and time involved in full-scale...

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving

Laminar flow occurs when a fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers with minimal mixing and turbulence. In fluid mechanics, ensuring laminar flow within a pipe is essential for precise control of flow characteristics, especially in engineering applications. The key factor in determining whether flow remains laminar is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that depends on the fluid's velocity, density, viscosity, and the pipe's diameter. A Reynolds number of 2100 or lower...

Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway

Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway

Scaled hydraulic models of dam spillways provide a practical way to replicate and study the intricate flow dynamics of these structures. Often built to a 1:15 ratio, these models allow for observing critical water behavior, such as velocity distribution, flow patterns, and energy dissipation.

Typical Model Studies

Typical Model Studies

Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.

Turbulent Flow: Problem Solving

Turbulent Flow: Problem Solving

Carbonation is a process used to dissolve carbon dioxide gas in a liquid, commonly used in the production of carbonated beverages. Achieving efficient carbonation requires careful control of temperature, pressure, and flow conditions. By adjusting these parameters, carbonation efficiency can be maximized, producing a higher concentration of CO2 in the liquid.
Temperature is a key factor in CO2 solubility. In this case, the CO2 gas and the liquid are cooled to 20°C. Lower temperatures...

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same journal

Desert lizards modulate nutritional responses to match seasonal biological needs.

Royal Society open science·2026

Same journal

Multi-generational fidelity, ecological and social determinants of roosting in a cooperatively breeding bird (<i>Argya squamiceps</i>).

Royal Society open science·2025

Same journal

Multifaceted polarization and information reliability in climate change discussions on social media platforms.

Royal Society open science·2025

Same journal

Comparing the kinematics related to inflicted head injury between violent shaking of a 6-week-old and a 1-year-old infant surrogate.

Royal Society open science·2025

Same journal

Partner choice increases observed reciprocity-based cooperation but decreases unobserved stake-based cooperation.

Royal Society open science·2025

Same journal

Importation models for travel-related SARS-CoV-2 cases reported in Newfoundland and Labrador during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Royal Society open science·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Knowledge Based Cloud FE Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming Processes

Knowledge Based Cloud FE Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming Processes

Published on: December 13, 2016

Modelling and simulation of brinicle formation.

Felipe Gómez-Lozada¹, Carlos Andrés Del Valle¹, Julián David Jiménez-Paz¹

¹Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No. 26-85, Edificio Uriel Gutiérrez, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.

Royal Society Open Science

|October 27, 2023

Summary

Researchers modeled icy brine flows under Arctic sea ice, forming unique ice stalactites called brinicles. The mathematical model successfully simulated brinicle formation and structure, advancing our understanding of this oceanographic phenomenon.

Keywords:

chemical garden finite-element method multiphysics nonlinear dynamics ocean dynamics phase change

More Related Videos

Protocol for Biofilm Streamer Formation in a Microfluidic Device with Micro-pillars

Protocol for Biofilm Streamer Formation in a Microfluidic Device with Micro-pillars

Published on: August 20, 2014

Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

Published on: February 27, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2025

Knowledge Based Cloud FE Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming Processes

Knowledge Based Cloud FE Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming Processes

Published on: December 13, 2016

Protocol for Biofilm Streamer Formation in a Microfluidic Device with Micro-pillars

Protocol for Biofilm Streamer Formation in a Microfluidic Device with Micro-pillars

Published on: August 20, 2014

Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

Simulation of Early Earth Hydrothermal Chimneys in a Thermal Gradient Environment

Published on: February 27, 2021

Area of Science:

Oceanography
Fluid Dynamics
Mathematical Modeling

Background:

Brinicles, or ice stalactites, form from supercooled brine flowing beneath Arctic sea ice.
This phenomenon involves complex fluid dynamics and heat/salt transport under extreme conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a comprehensive mathematical model for brinicle formation.
To simulate the physical processes governing the growth of ice stalactites in the ocean.

Main Methods:

Developed a mathematical model with cylindrical symmetry for viscous, quasi-stationary fluid flow.
Incorporated coupled heat and salt transport equations, considering diffusive and convective effects.
Utilized finite-element discretization to solve the partial differential equations.

Main Results:

The model successfully captured the general behavior of brinicle formation.
Generated brinicle-like structures and recovered expected dendrite composition.
The model aligns with previous experimental findings on ice stalactites.

Conclusions:

This study presents the first complete model of the global structure of brinicle formation.
The model provides valuable insights into the physics of these unique underwater ice structures.
Acknowledged discrepancies, such as brine accumulation, require further investigation.